Combustion structure.



'PATENTED APR. 26, 1904. Gro. SAVAGE. GOMBUST-ION STRUCTURE.

APPLIOATION FILED APB.. 9. 19.03.

No mmm..-l

U NITED STATES,

Patented April 26, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

GILEs CHRISTOPHER sAvAeE, or NAsHvTLLE, TEWET i ssEE." A

GOMBUSTION STRUGTUE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters. Patent No. 758,281, dated April2,6, 1904.

Application filed Aprilg, 1903.

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known thatI, GILEs CHRISTOPHER SAV- AGE, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Nashville, county of Davidson, State ofTennessee, have, invented certain new and useful Improvements inCombustion Structures, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to structures for burning fuel and which may bedesignated "combustion structures, such as open grates, stoves, andfurnaces; and my object is to provide a structure of this character inwhich the fuel may be burned in the most eiicient and economical mannerand in such a way that the greater part of the carbon in the fuel may beconsumed, so as not only to increase theheating efliciency of thestructure, but to consume the smoke arising from the primary combustion,which ordinarily passes unconsumed through the flue or chimney.

In carrying out my inventionI make use of an efficlent means foreifectmg primary combustion of the fuel, and in a peculiar manner l IVintroduce air to supply oxygen, imparting to the said air heat derivedfrom the combustion before it enters into and mingles with the mass offuel, and I further effect more perfect combustion by the use of asecondarycombustion of the fuel-that is, a combustion of the unconsum'edcarbon resulting from'the primary combustion-and I use anj efficientmeans whereby the air for secondary combustion may be heated to asufficient extent to increase the eiiciencyof the oxygen of' said air incombining with the unconsumed carbon resulting from the primarycombustion.

A furthur object is to provide a portable air-feeding device forcombustion structures whereby the same may beV readily applied toexisting combustion structures, such as open grates inparticular,thereby effecting all the desirable advantages hereinbefore indicated.

With these objects in view my invention consists in the novelconstruction hereinafter described with reference to the accompanyingdrawings and details thereof and as more particularly pointed out in theclaims.

Figure l is a central vertical section of an open grate, showing myinvention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of my portableair-feeding structure detached from said Serial No. 151,8831 (No model.)

grate. Fig. 3 is a frontelevation of the conf struction shown in Fig. 1,and Fig. 4 is amodi- Y iication showing the application of my inventionto a cook'stoveor range. f

Referring to the drawings, in which the same' reference charactersrelate to the same or corresponding parts in all the views, l indicatesan open replace having the usual back or bridge wall 3, in which thereis set between the jambs an ordinary form of grate 6, upon which reststhe mass of fuel. Applied to the front of the fireplace is a frame 2,extending y l on each side thereof. A y

In many instances it may be desirable to pro;- vide grates already inexistence with my improvements,and in Figs. l, 2, and` 3 I have shownthe preferable form of lmy invention as 'a portable air-feedingstructure whereby air may be supplied to support the primary andsecondary combustion in the manner as hereinafter described, suchportable device being readily applicable to ordinary lopen grates. Inthis form a box or casinglt is provided'with a partition extending, fromits top in a median line to ac point near the bot.- tom of the grate,the rear of the box `toward the ash-pit having an vopening 16 fordischarging the air which passes through a slot 15in thefront portion ofthe box downwardly and through said opening and slot to the ash# pit,andthence it is supplied with anA additional heat to that which itderives in its passage downward through the conduit in front of thegrate and upwardly into the grate torsup port primaryA combustion. Therear portion of the box, in addition to thegrate, constitutes asecondary air-feeding chamber, deriving its air through openings 17,passing transversely 'through the sides of the box into said chamber,the airrising in the chamber and discharging rearwardly through anopening 18 into the unconsumed carbon or carbon monoxid resulting fromthe primary combustion, the result of 'which is a thorough admixture ofthe air with such carbon monoXid and a more perfect combustion of thefuel and with a minimum unconsumed carbon,Y as in the former case. Thisportable air-feeder is adapted for ready application, as above noted, toexisting grates or combustion structures. In Fig. 4: have shown a formof my device applied to a stove Vor range in which a similar boxstructure to that of Fig.y 7 is shown, the front part of the stove beingprovided with a box 14, divided into two airchambers, communicating rstwith the primary combustion through a slot 15, leading into the conduit,the latter of which opens into an ash-pit below the grate of 6, whilethe inner chamber communicates by a tube 17 with external air, whichdischarges the latter forwardly and inwardly through the slot 18 to theburning mass of fuel. A similar means for effecting primary andsecondary combustion is likewise applicable to all forms ofheating-stoves and hot-air furnaces.

From the foregoing description it will be observed that both the primaryand secondarycombustion are effected by air which is previously heatedby passage of the same through flues or conduits in such proximity withthe heating structure or some wall or surface thereof as to give thegreatest heating effect and in the simplest manner, while the primarycombustion is effected by air which is not only passed through such aconduit, but through the ash-pit, a high heat bey ing always maintainedtherein during the cornbustion and particularlywhen this ash-pit isclosed. l v

With my invention applied to a combustion structure not only is aconsiderable amount of heat hitherto lost reserved for heating purposes,but a great percentage of all carbon monoxid which commonly passes ounder the former practice is consumed by the addition of air during thesecondary combustion.

By reference to Fig. l the arrows indicate thedirection as it is foundby experiment and observation which the currents of air take insupplying an open grate with my invention applied thereto. The upperarrow shows some of the air passing forwardly into the chimney or flue,while others show some air'passing toward the center portion anddirectly back, striking the bridge-wall 3, part of it being ldirectedupward and the other part downward, creating an eddy which, joining withthe air passing over the top of the grate, is drawn downward by thesuction created by the current passing downwardly through the conduitinto` the ash-pit, forming an eddy which insures a thorough comminglingof the air with the carbon monoxid, thereby promoting the most eflicientmanner of the com bustion of this residue. I claim as my invention- 1.The herein-described air-feeding structure for combustion structures,consisting of a casing having a partition extending substantiallyparallel to the front and rear walls of said casing and dividing thesame into the air-feeding conduits, one of said conduits having inletfor air for primary combustion and opening downwardly intol the spacebelow the bottom of the other conduit, and the other conduit openingnear the top of the casing, a passage for admitting air to the latterconduit, said conduits being so disposed that air for supporting primarycombustion is drawn downwardly and discharged into the ash-pit below thegrate-bars and the air for supporting secondary combusti-on isdischarged into the lire-pot above the burning mass of fuel,substantially as described.

2. The herein-described removable air-feed'- ing structure forcombustion structures, such as open grates, consisting of a box orcasing having a partition extending substantially parallel to the frontand rear walls of-the box or casing and dividing the said box or casinginto two air-feeding conduits, one of said conduits having an inlet forair for'primary combustion and opening downwardly' into the space belowthe bottom of the other conduit, and the other conduit opening near thetop of the box, a passage Vfor admitting air to said latter conduit,said conduits being so disposed that air for supporting primarycombustion is drawn downwardly and discharged into the ash-pit below thegrate-bars when 'the feeder is in place and the air for supportingsecondary combustion is discharged into the {ire-pot abovey theburning'mass of fuel', substantially as described.

3. The herein -described improvement in combustion structures comprisinga portable casing or box adapted to be placed in front of the grate, thefront wall of said box or casing having an opening near its top adaptedto receive air, and apartition dividing said box into two conduits, oneextending downwardly and opening at a point below the grate of thecombustion structure when the box or casing is in place, and theother'conduit extending upwardly and opening into the fire-pot andadapted to discharge air into the products of combustion resulting fromthe primary combustion of the grate, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.'

lGir/iis CHRISTOPHER SAVAGE.

Witnesses:

G. H. SAVAGE, R. S. DoAK.

IOC

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